PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – THEORY
Course Code: ER20-12T
Duration: 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)
Scope:
This course is designed to impart basic knowledge on the chemical structure, storage conditions, and medicinal uses of organic and inorganic chemical substances used as drugs and pharmaceuticals. It also discusses impurities and quality control aspects of these substances.
Course Objectives:
This course will cover:
- Chemical classification, chemical name, chemical structure.
- Pharmacological uses, doses, stability, and storage conditions.
- Formulations/dosage forms available and their brand names.
- Impurity testing and basic quality control tests.
Course Outcomes:
After completing this course, students will be able to:
- Describe the chemical class, structure, and name of common drugs.
- Discuss pharmacological uses, dosages, stability, and storage.
- Explain quantitative/qualitative analysis and impurity testing.
- Identify dosage forms and brand names of pharmaceuticals.
Chapter-wise Breakdown:
| Chapter | Topic | Detailed Content | Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Introduction to Pharmaceutical Chemistry | Scope, objectives, sources and types of errors, accuracy, precision, significant figures. Impurities in pharmaceuticals: sources, effects, limit tests for chlorides, sulfates, iron, heavy metals, arsenic. | 8 |
| 2 | Volumetric and Gravimetric Analysis | Fundamentals and types of titrations: acid-base, non-aqueous, precipitation, complexometric, redox. Gravimetric analysis: principles and methods. | 8 |
| 3 | Inorganic Pharmaceuticals | Study of haematinics, antacids, cathartics, topical agents, dental products, gases. Uses, dosages, storage, and brand names. | 7 |
| 4 | Organic Chemistry Basics | Nomenclature of organic compounds including heterocycles (up to 3 rings). | 2 |
| 5 | CNS Drugs | Adrenergic agonists: dopamine, terbutaline, salbutamol, etc. Adrenergic antagonists: phentolamine, propranolol, atenolol, etc. Cholinergic agents: acetylcholine, neostigmine, atropine, ipratropium. | 10 |
| 6 | Cardiovascular Drugs | Anti-arrhythmic: quinidine, lidocaine, amiodarone. Anti-hypertensive: propranolol, captopril, clonidine. Anti-anginals: isosorbide dinitrate. | 5 |
| 7 | Diuretics | Acetazolamide, furosemide, chlorthalidone, spironolactone. | 2 |
| 8 | Hypoglycemic Agents | Insulin, metformin, glibenclamide, glimepiride, pioglitazone, gliptins, gliflozins. | 3 |
| 9 | Analgesic & Anti-inflammatory Agents | Morphine analogues, NSAIDs: aspirin, diclofenac, ibuprofen, paracetamol, aceclofenac. | 3 |
| 10 | Anti-infective Agents | Antifungals: amphotericin-B, ketoconazole, fluconazole. Urinary tract: ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin. Anti-TB: isoniazid, rifampicin. Antivirals: acyclovir, remdesivir. Antimalarials: chloroquine, artemisinin. Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, cotrimoxazole. | 8 |
| 11 | Antibiotics | Penicillin G, amoxicillin, streptomycin, doxycycline, erythromycin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol. | 8 |
| 12 | Antineoplastic Agents | Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil, vinblastine, cisplatin, doxorubicin. | 3 |
Total Hours: 75