What Causes Dental Caries?
The primary cause of tooth decay is the interaction of bacteria with food particles. When we consume sugary or starchy foods, the bacteria in the mouth break them down and produce acid. This acid erodes the enamel layer, creating cavities.
Main causes include:
Continuous snacking without cleaning teeth
Poor oral hygiene (not brushing or flossing properly)
High sugar intake (candies, cold drinks, junk food)
Bacterial infection (Streptococcus mutans is the most common)
Lack of fluoride in toothpaste or water
Dry mouth or low saliva flow
Dental caries causes
दाँतों को साफ न रखने से सूक्ष्म कीटाणु दाँत के तने में घुस जाते हैं और दंतमज्जा में फैल जाते हैं । अन्त में यह कीटाणु दन्तमज्जा के गड्ढे में पहुँच जाते हैं जहाँ यह सड़न की जलन पैदा कर खतरनाक दर्द की स्थिति उत्पन्न होती है। यही कृमि दन्त है।
Symptoms of Dental Caries
Recognizing early signs of caries can help prevent major problems.
Swelling or pus if infection spreads।
White, brown, or black spots on teeth
Tooth sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods
Persistent toothache or pain while chewing
Holes or pits in the tooth surface
Bad breath (halitosis)
Stages of Dental Caries
Abscess Formation – Infection spreads to gums and jawbone.
Initial Demineralization – Small white spots appear on the enamel.
Enamel Decay – Visible cavity starts forming.
Dentin Decay – Bacteria penetrate deeper, causing sensitivity.
Pulp Damage – Pain increases as nerves get affected.
Prevention of Dental Caries
Dental caries is preventable with simple oral care habits.
- Regular Brushing – Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste.
- Flossing – Removes food particles stuck between teeth.
- Healthy Diet – Reduce sugar, sweets, and sticky foods.
- Dental Checkups – Visit dentist every 6 months.
- Fluoride Use – Strengthens enamel and prevents decay.
- Mouth Rinse – Use an antibacterial mouthwash for added protection.
रोग की पहचान
इसमें दाँत के भीतर कोटर (खोल) सा बन जाता है, अथवा दाँत गल-गल कर नष्ट होता जाता है। दाँत के खोल में यदि कोई चीज चली जाये तो अत्यन्त असह्य पीड़ा होती है। इन लक्षणों के आधार पर प्रत्यक्ष रूप से देखकर निदान में कोई कठिनाई नहीं होती है।
PYORRHOEA- पायेरिया
रोग का परिणाम
यदि यह बढ़ जाये तो दाँत दर्द, स्नायुशूल, अस्थि आवरण प्रदाह, मज्जा में पीव आना. दंत व्रण और कभी-कभी पेशी का पक्षाघात (Muscles Paralysis) आदि इससे उपसर्ग पैदा हो सकते हैं।
Treatment Options for Dental Caries
The treatment depends on how advanced the decay is:
- Fluoride Treatment – In early stages, fluoride can restore enamel.
- Dental Fillings – Cavities are cleaned and filled with composite material.
- Crowns – Used if decay is large and tooth needs protection.
- Root Canal Treatment (RCT) – When pulp gets infected, RCT saves the tooth.
- Tooth Extraction – In severe cases, the decayed tooth is removed.
Ayurvedic & Home Remedies (Supportive Care)
While professional dental care is essential, some natural remedies may help prevent or slow down caries:
Saltwater Gargle – Reduces infection and soothes gums.
Oil Pulling (कुल्ला) with coconut or sesame oil helps reduce bacteria.
Clove Oil – Provides temporary pain relief.
Neem Twigs – Traditionally used as a natural toothbrush.
Conclusion
Dental caries (दाँतों में कीड़ा लगना) is a common but preventable condition. Maintaining oral hygiene, reducing sugar intake, and visiting the dentist regularly are the keys to strong and healthy teeth. If ignored, tooth decay can lead to severe pain, infection, and even loss of teeth. Dental caries (दाँतों में कीड़ा लगना) is not just a dental problem; it affects overall health, confidence, and quality of life. With proper awareness, preventive measures, and expert care, tooth decay can be completely controlled. Start small — brush twice a day, eat healthy, and don’t ignore dental pain.